it allow to unpack values from - [array] & property from {object},

it simply a shortcut way of accessing or printing values from array and property from object,

1) Array[] Destructuring :

// Normol Way To Access Values from Array and Print it,

const MonthOFYear = ["Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May"];

console.log(MonthOFYear[0]);
console.log(MonthOFYear[1]);
console.log(MonthOFYear[2]);
console.log(MonthOFYear[3]);
console.log(MonthOFYear[4]);

here for just printing each values, we have to type whole (MonthOFYear[0]) to (MonthOFYear[4]) ,
to easily access and print values, now JS provide smart way with help of Array[] Destructuring :

// Destructuring with Array :

const MonthOFYear = ["Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May"];

const [Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr, May] = MonthOFYear;

console.log(Jan);
console.log(Feb);
console.log(Mar);
console.log(Apr);
console.log(May);

now we don't have to write whole console.log(MonthOFYear[0]); but we simply write it values vairable name,

Using Different Variable Names :

and it not necessary to gave same vairable name to Array, we can use different vairable name also

const MonthOFYear = ["Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May"];

const [Fist, Sec, third, fourth, fifth] = MonthOFYear;

console.log(Fist);
console.log(Sec);
console.log(third);
console.log(fourth);
console.log(fifth);

SKIPPING VAIRABLE VALUES :

now you only want to gave vairable name to specific values in array and not each values,
here we simply skip Feb, Apr ,

const MonthOFYear = ["Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May"];

const [Jan, , Mar, , May] = MonthOFYear;

console.log(Jan);
console.log(Mar);
console.log(May);

SWAPPING THE ELEMENTS :

// SWAPPING ELEMENT

let a = 1;
let b = 2;

[a, b] = [b, a];

console.log(a);
console.log(b)

2) Object { } Destructuring :

here also we do same, assigning Object values into separate vairable,

const Bike = {
  Brand: "Honda",
  Price: 1_000_00,
};

const { Brand, Price } = Bike;

console.log(Brand);
console.log(Price);

Using diffent Keys name :

here, you do not need to use name keys name, you can rename also

assiging new vairble name,

const { Brand: MyBrand, Price: NewPrice } = Bike;

console.log(MyBrand);
console.log(NewPrice);

3) Nested Destructuring

What if there is object inside object, and we also want to access it ?

const Job = {
  title: "LockManager",
  salary: 20_000,
  address: {
    city: "Nashik",
    Pin: 422101,
  },
};

const {
  title,
  salary,
  address: { city, pin },
} = Job;

so what a small explanation blog for your..!

hope this blog help you to understand basic of Destructuring